Temporal-spatial Patterns of Noctuinae Communities (Lep. Noctuidae) in Hungarian Apple Orchards (Apple Ecosystem Research)

In our present study we aimed to recognize the temporal and spatial patterns of Noctuinae communities (Lep.Noctuidae) of four differently managed apple orchards laying in different localities of Hungary. Data were obtained by light trap collection. The quantitative data resulting from our investigations were analyzed by multivariate methods and were also analyzed by their diversity characteristics.As a result connections were found regarding the diversities of species and individuals, the patterns of occurrence and phenological properties. The studies were based on 8497 individuals of 39 species

A new structural model for the Si(331)-(12x1) reconstruction

A new structural model for the Si(331)-(12x1) reconstruction is proposed. Based on scanning tunneling microscopy images of unprecedented resolution, low-energy electron diffraction data, and first-principles total-energy calculations, we demonstrate that the reconstructed Si(331) surface shares the same elementary building blocks as the Si(110)-(16x2) surface, establishing the pentamer as a universal building block for complex silicon surface reconstructions

Population Dynamical Stability in Service of Plant Protection Prognosis

The knowledge of the population dynamical characteristics of the pests fundamentally determines the success of the plant protection prognosis. In this paper we examine the possibilities of the utilization of the information about the population dynamical stability that we get from field examination data. We take into account neighbouring data pairs from data series regarding the change of insect density counted at stated intervals. Using these pairs of values – from the tendency of the absolute and relative changes – we can draw conclusion on the stability of the individual density values or on the stability of the whole dynamical pattern

Structure and stability of the Si(331)-(12x1) surface reconstruction

We recently proposed a new structural model for the Si(331)-(12x1) surface reconstruction containing silicon pentamers as elementary structural building blocks. Using first-principles density-functional theory we here investigate the stability of a variety of adatom configurations and determine the lowest energy configuration. We also present a detailed comparison of the energetics between our model for Si(331)-(12x1) and the adatom-tetramer-interstitial model for Si(110)-(16x2), which shares the same structural building blocks

Extreme weather events inWest Hungary

Agricultural production is a rather risky activity, as it is largely exposed to extreme weather events. This paper focuses on the frost and hail data in springtime, affecting fruit production in West Hungary. Regarding absolute minimum temperatures in April, significant increase of the standard deviations could be observed. Among the sites examined Nagykanizsa shows the highest risk values. According to our evaluation Nagykanizsa is not recommended to plant sour cherry, sweet cherry and apricot orchards because in some years spring frost will occur. If the plantation is in Zalaegerszeg, Szombathely, Gyôr or Keszthely than usage of frost prevention system is recommended. Siófok is the only area to grow apricot with good result

Correlation of precipitation distribution and quality sweet cherry production

Sweet and sour cherry need 550–600 mm yearly precipitation. The critical period is 1–1.5 month after flowering, it is normallybetween 15.April – 15. June in Hungary. The rain induced fruit cracking is also a critical and costly problem for cherry growers. Fruits grownunder arid conditions are less resistant against rainfall during harvest and up to 50–60% crack damage may occur. A computer program wasdeveloped to calculate the precipitation related production risks of sweet cherry. Focus of the research was Zala county. Spatial distributionof precipitation was compared in two directions (East and North of Zala county) based on the data of meteorological stations. The first resultsindicate that the developed method estimates the risks quite well, compared to the farm experiment results. The developed computer programcan be parameterised according to the user’s requirements, this allows to take into account the real variety structure of a given orchard

Correlation of precipitation distribution and quality sweet cherry production

Sweet and sour cherry need 550–600 mm yearly precipitation. The critical period is 1–1.5 month after flowering, it is normally between 15.April – 15. June in Hungary. The rain induced fruit cracking is also a critical and costly problem for cherry growers. Fruits grown under arid conditions are less resistant against rainfall during harvest and up to 50–60% crack damage may occur. A computer program was developed to calculate the precipitation related production risks of sweet cherry. Focus of the research was Zala county. Spatial distribution of precipitation was compared in two directions (East and North of Zala county) based on the data of meteorological stations. The first results indicate that the developed method estimates the risks quite well, compared to the farm experiment results. The developed computer program can be parameterised according to the user’s requirements, this allows to take into account the real variety structure of a given orchard

Extreme weather events inWest Hungary

Agricultural production is a rather risky activity, as it is largely exposed to extreme weather events. This paper focuses on the frostand hail data in springtime, affecting fruit production in West Hungary. Regarding absolute minimum temperatures in April, significantincrease of the standard deviations could be observed. Among the sites examined Nagykanizsa shows the highest risk values. According toour evaluation Nagykanizsa is not recommended to plant sour cherry, sweet cherry and apricot orchards because in some years spring frostwill occur. If the plantation is in Zalaegerszeg, Szombathely, Gyôr or Keszthely than usage of frost prevention system is recommended. Siófokis the only area to grow apricot with good result

The iQ200 Microscopic Analyzer is valuable tool for evaluation of urinary sediment at transplanted patients

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